从颜色和品牌到饰面和配方,都有各种各样的油漆选项。然后picking the just-right shade对于您的客厅或家具康复项目,可能是您脑海中的主要目的,考虑油漆的制成可能同样重要。毕竟,它可能包含VOC - 可能会损害您家庭健康和地球的Harsh化学物质。
油漆的组成部分
在最基本的情况下,油漆由颜色和粘合剂(又称树脂)的颜料组成,可在液体碱(又称溶剂)中提供粘附,以应用于表面上。乳胶和丙烯酸涂料是水性的,而油基油漆通常依赖于合成溶剂。生态意识的经验法则:乳胶和丙烯酸等水性油漆比油基配方更安全。
Paint can also include all manner of additives to make it go on more smoothly, dry faster, last longer, resist stains and scuffs, or enhance some other quality. In terms of eco-safety, generally the fewer additives, the better. Several to watch out for: pesticides (often found in “antifungal” paints), biocides (a common preservative), and metals used in pigments (such as cadmium and chromium).
是什么使环保油漆呢?
如今,大多数人至少听到了流行语VOC。它代表着挥发性的有机化合物,它们是在多种商业产品中最常见的化学物质,并用于稳定剂,干燥剂,增稠剂和油漆中的防腐剂中。
How do VOCs Work?
VOC作为气体释放到空中,并具有强烈,有害的气味 - 它们的浓度高达室内的10倍。不幸的是,它们的毒性可以在气味消失后长期保持。
According to the环保局, short- and long-term adverse health effects associated with VOCs run the gamut from allergic reactions, headaches, and nausea to the liver, kidney, and central nervous system disorders and even cancer. Some VOCs are also known to damage theozone layer。EPA目前将“低VOC”乳胶油漆中的VOC量限制为每升250克(gm/L),而“低voc”油基油漆的VOC量不超过380克/L。bob体育app苹果下载
现在,市场上的“零voc”油漆产品更好。一些标记为此类的商业油漆可能包含不超过5gm/l的VOC,而更简单的配方,例如粉笔涂料和牛奶油漆(下面更多)bob体育app苹果下载可能完全不含VOC。虽然通风绘画的区域总是一个好主意,但低voc涂料的上涨是在涂抹过程中没有压倒性的气味。
寻找经过认证的密封
Paint companies don’t often print a detailed ingredients list on their labels, which makes identifying what’s in the can a challenge. Even reviewing the technical data sheet online may not provide full disclosure.
那么,您怎么能确定自己购买环保油漆呢?检查是否有独立的测试认证密封。涂有Greenguard标签,例如,每升的VOC少于50克,而那些赚取的VOC绿色密封对于非固定油漆,平面油漆的VOC不能超过50克的VOC,每升100克。(EPA保留了私营部门标准和内部乳胶涂料的生态标记列表here。)
The GreenWise seal also indicates that the products have been tested and certified by Coatings Research Group Inc.; however, since this is an association of paint manufacturers, it has less credibility than independent organizations.
Consider Natural Paints
具有绿色目标的DIYER应该知道,大型商业品牌的低率或什至没有voc的油漆与“天然”油漆的单独类别之间存在差异,即chalk paint, clay paint, andmilk paint。后者通常会以较小的批量制作,包含更少,更简单的成分,并且成本更高。bob体育app苹果下载毫无疑问,有预算的人经常为诸如在旧家具碎片中添加新的新外套而不是涂整个房间的项目选择此类似的油漆。
Keep in mind that “natural” has a fairly loose definition in the realm of paint products (for our purposes, we categorize chalk, clay, and milk paints as natural paints). Some natural paints may include terpenes, which are VOCs derived from plants for instance. And while casein—a protein used as a binder in milk paint—is a “natural” animal product, it may not be considered wholly environmentally sound since large-scale dairy facilities have been found to contribute to the emission of greenhouse gases.
最好的环保油漆
When major paint manufacturers first started developing more health- and eco-conscious products, the early formulas had flawed results, but there have been significant improvements over the past decade.
今天的许多低收入和zero-VOC油漆、including natural paints, provide excellent coverage, beautiful colors, easy application, and even finishes. However, for longevity on exteriors and high-traffic surfaces like floors, some consumers may still opt for paints with ingredients such as biocides that stand up to heavy wear-and-tear conditions. (That said, bear in mind that a quality latex paint with a high percentage of pigment plus binder solids—particularly binders that consist of 100 percent acrylic polymers—can extend the product’s耐用性。)
那些寻找环保涂料的人应理想地寻求产品,除了几乎没有VOC的产品外,还可以利用天然色素,并且含有较低的杀菌剂(活性化学分子来控制或杀死细菌的生长或杀死细菌,通常存在于外部油漆中)。
Visit绿色美国for links to paint companies vetted by this non-profit membership organization that promotes environmentally aware, ethical consumerism. Also, consider the following brands and products:
- AFM Safecoat:这种零VOC,快速固化的室内油漆易于使用,并用肥皂和水清洁。
- 背景:Known for their trendy colors in a limited palette, this brand offers low-VOC latex paints that are GreenWise certified, as well as 12 x 12 inch stickers instead of the traditional swatch/sample selection process.
- Behr Premium Plus:The great thing about this zero-VOC interior paint is that it doesn’t require primer yet still provides amazing hiding and coverage, plus it is stain- and scrub-resistant.
- Bioshield:这种零VOC,无溶剂的壁油漆易于在任何标准的石膏板,板岩,石膏或泥浆厂(例如混凝土和砖)上施加。
- ECOS Paints:您将获得零voc涂料,具有良好的隐藏,覆盖范围,粘附和抗抑郁状态。得益于100%的消费后的回收容器和盒子,即bob体育app苹果下载使是运输也更加环保。
- Ecoselect零VOC内部乳胶油漆:Sherwin-Williams的零VOCS产品具有良好的溅射抗性,并且适用于墙板,底漆,木材,木材和砌体的墙壁和天花板。
- Old Fashioned Milk Paint:这种零级牛奶油漆以小批量制成,其中包含具有美丽,丰富色彩的地球色素。
- Ultra Spec 500: This zero-VOC interior paint from Benjamin Moore offers great hiding, easy application, and soap-and-water cleanup.
- Unearthed Paints:为了使其更加环保的信誉,这种零级bob体育app苹果下载牛奶涂料使用基于蔬菜的酪蛋白进行无乳制品的方法。