到目前为止,您可能已经听说,2022年的《降低通货膨胀法》(IRA)对寻求节省能源的房主有很多好消息。HomeHome实际上,这项长达725页的法案将3700亿美元的资金投资用于促进气候变化倡议,包括提供数百或数千美元的规定,以返还房主的气候化和能源效率的家庭改善项目。HomeHome
That cash back comes in two buckets: tax credits and purchase rebates, which will be available through September 2031 or through 2034, depending on the program. The tax credits—extensions or modifications of existing tax credits, in many cases—are in place now, so if you complete a qualifying project in 2023, you can get a credit on your federal taxes, lowering the amount you owe at the end of the year. The newly created rebate programs, on the other hand, may not be available for use until late this year or early next year. Those programs will be administered by the states, which are awaiting guidance from the federal government—expected this summer—before they can submit their applications for funding.
“If you’ve been thinking about doing a retrofit to save some money on your heating bills, these tax credits and rebates make it easier to say yes to making those improvements,” says Stephen Walls of the Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental nonprofit.
Some of these programs are available only to or have more benefits for lower-to-middle-income households. The income thresholds vary depending on the median income in your area. You can check your own eligibility for all the programs by entering your income and ZIP code into the IRA calculator at rewiringamerica.org.
一旦确定了资格,下一步可能会进行当前的家庭能量审核;HomeHome有150美元的税收抵免可抵消成本。您当地的公用事业可能会提供家庭能量审核,或者您可以通过住宅能源HomeHome服务网络(HersIndex.com)找到经过认证的能源评估员。尽管大多数程序不HomeHome需要进行家庭能源审核,但是执行一个程序可以帮助您零,从而使项目现在可以节省最大的能源,并为您提供基线数据,以帮助计算未来的能源节省。
仔细研究一些关键的IRA激励计划。
HomeHome家庭装修税收抵免
对于现在可用的税收抵免,您必须预先为该项目提供资金,但是您将通过折扣今年年底的税额折扣来收到一些或全部的钱。如果您不欠您花钱的一年税,则可以提出一些学分。
对于一次性的一次性项目
Energy-Efficient Home Improvement Credits pay you back for home-energy audits and on the purchase of specific items that meet predetermined energy-efficiency standards. (Get details on specific products’ eligibility by going to the “tax credits for homeowners” page at energystar.gov.) There are no income eligibility requirements for these credits, and in most cases, you can combine credits for a total of up to $1,200 per year through 2032.
Credits you can qualify for each year:
- Home-energy audit: up to $150
- 绝缘, uninstalled: no limit
- Heat pump, heat-pump water heater, or biomass (wood or pellet) stove, installed: up to $2,000 total ($1,200 annual limit does not apply)
- 窗户和天窗,卸载:总计$ 600
- Central air-conditioning, installed: $600 per unit
- 安装天然气,丙烷或油热水器:每单位最高$ 600
- Electric panel upgrade to at least 200 amps: $600 total
- Exterior doors, installed: $250 per door, up to $500 total
您需要知道的
由于$ 1,200的限额是年度上限,因此您每年都可以通过申请不同的购买来获得更高的时间。例如,您可能会进行能源审核,并更换两个外门和几个窗户,以获得今年的1,200美元信用额,然后明年更换几个窗户或升级您的中央空气和电动面板,以另外1200美元的信用额度。bob体育app苹果下载
用于大型系统升级
可能是IRA中最有价值的信用,住宅清洁能源信用额的价值高达合格清洁能源系统及其在家庭中的安装成本的30%。HomeHome在大多数情况下,信贷金额或收入的收入没有限制。
资格的项目:
- 住宅太阳能板系统和太阳能热水器
- 小风力涡轮机
- 地热泵系统
- 电池存储家庭能源,容量至少3千瓦时HomeHome
- 燃料电池(使用氢产生动力)
您需要知道的
虽然在2022年至2032年底之间开始并完成项目的30%信用额度,但在2033年获得的项目降至26%,而2034年完成的产品则下降到22%。
用于电动汽车充电器
IRA包括购买新的合格电动汽车(EV)的几种税收优惠,包括高达7,500美元的税收抵免(取决于收入和其他几项规定)。HomeHome在低收入社区或非城市地区在家中安装EV充电器的房主可能会收到30%的项目费用,最高可达1,000美元。为了准备安装,您需要确保您的房屋已准备就绪,并且您的面板可以处理增加的负载以在家中为电动汽车充电。HomeHome这可能需要您升级接线或安装新的断路器盒,即有资格获得电气回扣的项目。
HomeHome家庭装修折扣
虽然联邦政府将提供近86亿美元的资金资金,但每个州都会在购买合格物品时将其分配给居民。每个州都可以创建自己的回扣计划,等待联邦批准,各州应在今年年底之前开始将其推出。一旦您的州制定了一个计划,您就可以在其能源部门网站或dsireusa.org上找到详细信息。尽管电气化折扣和效率折扣不能用于相同的技术,但可以同时使用它们。
用于电动
电气化折扣是房主购买电力系统或使房屋更高效并因此更友好的物品运行的系统时的销售点。bob体育app苹果下载HomeHome它们包括诸如增加绝缘,空气密封和改善通风等项目。
这些折扣确实有收入限制:任何赚取该地区中位收入少于150%的人的人都可以获得价值高达购买成本的50%的回扣。由于收入不到该地区中位数的80%,个人可以收到价值高达100%成本或回扣帽的回扣,以较低者为准。
Covered projects (including installation) and their annual limits:
- 热泵HVAC系统(空间加热和/或冷却):最高$ 8,000
- 电动面板/断路器盒升级:最高$ 4,000
- 电线:最高$ 2,500
- Heat-pump water heater: up to $1,750
- 绝缘,空气密封和通风(包括管道):最高$ 1,600
- 电动范围或炉灶台(包括感应)和电气热泵干衣机:最高$ 840
您需要知道的
这些折扣可以用于多个项目,但是您无法获得超过14,000美元的电气化回扣。bob体育app苹果下载虽然制造商和承包商应该能够告诉您哪些产品有资格,但您可能需要在其发布准则后与州的能源部门联系。
For whole-house energy-reducing projects
退税效率关注tha大型项目t improve energy efficiency, such as upgrading doors and windows, putting in LEDs, improving insulation, upgrading appliances, and updating HVAC to reduce the total amount of energy consumed by your house. You’ll need a contractor who has software to model the potential energy savings to get the rebate upfront; otherwise, you’ll have to document the actual energy
savings and file for the rebate after the project is completed. Or you can work with an “aggregator,” a large contracting company, like Sealed or BlocPower, that shepherds homeowners through the rebate process by fronting the rebate cost for the project, obtaining utility data, and filing for the rebate on the homeowner’s behalf.
尽管各州确定现在需要哪种类型的文档,这可能就足够了。但是,衡量的节能可能会为某些家庭带来更多的好处,重新布线美国的鼠尾草布里斯科说。bob体育app苹果下载“这可能导致更大的回扣和能源使用量的更大减少,从长远来看,节省了更大的节省。”
那些收入不到其地区中位收入的80%的人可以在该计划下获得最多的收入,但是,如果将能源利用减少35%或更多,即使是收入的家庭也可以达到4,000美元。bob体育app苹果下载
这是节能项目可以根据该计划偿还的方式:
- 至少有15%的能源节省:对于低到中等收入的家庭,项目成本的50%,每1%节省能源的1,000美元,以较少者为准;多达80%的项目成本,每1%节省的能源,以较少者为准
- 对于模型的能源节省的20%至34%:对于低到中等收入的家庭,项目成本的50%最高可达2,000美元;80%的项目成本,最高4,000美元
- 对于模型的能源节省而言,35%或以上bob体育app苹果下载:对于低到中等收入的家庭,项目成本的50%,最高为4,000美元;80%的项目成本,最高$ 8,000
您需要知道的
The efficiency rebates don’t come with any per-item limits, just a total project tally. You cannot claim two different rebates for the same item. However, you can combine rebates for a single retrofit, if they’re for different items. You can claim both tax credits and rebates for the same item—but you can’t get more than the total cost of the item. You can also combine IRA incentives with state and utility programs. If you’re just replacing a single appliance or doing a smaller project, those other programs might be a better fit.
您应该等待进行家庭装修项目吗?HomeHome
由于某些回扣可能要到明年才能到位,因此直到2024年或以后才能推迟计划的项目可能是有意义的。为了找出您项目的最佳时间,请问自己以下问题:
您的项目时间敏感吗?
如果您的热水器或烤箱破裂,则可能没有等待国家进行折扣计划的奢侈品。也就是说,您可能仍然能够从州能源部或当地公用事业部获得激励措施。在dsireusa.org上查找可供您使用的程序列表。
How long are you going to be in your home?
虽然您应该看到随着时间的推移能源成本较低,但即使在积分或回扣之后,一些项目也需要大量的自付投资。如果您打算在接下来的几年中搬家,请运行数字以查看您可以休息多长时间
甚至 - 您可以在EnergyStar.gov上使用储蓄计算器来获得球场估算。通常,投资回收期至少为5到10年。
Keep in mind that improving home efficiency could also improve your home’s resale value. Switching to electric energy can save households $1,800 per year, on average, according to Rewiring America.
您期望技术价格下跌吗?
Just as the cost of solar panel systems has fallen significantly, experts believe the cost of home tech like heat pumps and induction ranges could start to come down even further as they become more mainstream. In that case, waiting a few years may make purchasing them an even more cost-effective investment.