在甲板上安装大门是使您的室外空间更安全和安全的好方法。bob体育app苹果下载好消息是,对于拥有基本木工技能的任何人来说,建造一个可以是一个愉快的周末项目。有许多不同的方法可以为A建造漂亮耐用的大门deck,但是这里介绍的设计是我们发现的最简单的方法之一。我们将带您完成整个项目,从初步计划到施工和最终安装。
Before You Start Building
Check with your local building department to see if there is anything you need to do to meet local codes. Typically, there are no building codes governing outdoor gates, unless the gate will be part of an approved enclosure for a pool. Even if there are no special requirements for gates where you live, if it is being used to keep pets or small children safe, you will want to install a childproof latch and make sure the gaps in the gate are small enough that kids or animals won’t be able to fit through.
We’ve chosen this particular style of gate because it is easy to build, it will stay square without any additional bracing, and it closely matches one of the most common styles of wood deck railings. The frame is simply made of four pieces of 2×4 lumber that get screwed together in picture-frame fashion with 45-degree miter cuts at both ends of each piece. A flat piece of 1-inch-thick wood decking makes a decorative cap board on top, which makes for a similar look to the cap on a typical deck railing, and one face of the gate is flanked by vertical balusters spaced less than 4 inches apart. If you want to use a different style of baluster or screening that is a better match for your deck, feel free to adjust the design to suit your needs.
Pressure-treated pine是这样的大门最常见的材料,但是您可以使用任何耐腐烂的木材。典型的替代品是雪松和红木,而异国情调的硬木通常是为最奇特的甲板保留的。如果您不确定哪种木材最好,请在当地的建筑用品商店询问哪种木匠通常用来在您所在地区建造甲板和大门。
Determine the Size Gate You Need
您的甲板门应该多宽?正确的答案是:“什么适合您的需求。”一个好的经验法则在36到48英寸之间。当然,如果您的甲板栏杆中有一个现有的开口,那可能很大。
Grab a piece of paper to write down dimensions as you measure to keep them organized. First, measure the width and height of the opening in your deck railing where you plan to install the gate. You should measure across the top, bottom, and middle to be sure that the opening is a consistent width and measure the height of both sides to be sure the railing is the same height.
接下来,使用一个水平和框架正方形,查看栏杆柱是否在上下(又称铅板),栏杆的顶部和甲板均为水平,并且柱子是甲板的正方形。如果这些维度有任何变化,则选择门的尺寸时,选择最狭窄或最低点。
理想情况下,你的甲板门会冲洗with each of the adjacent railings, and the bottom will be a couple of inches above the surface of the decking. These are just suggestions; you can make the gate at whatever height suits your needs. Plan for the outdoor gate to have a ½- to ¾-inch gap on either side within the opening. These relatively large gaps ensure that the gate doesn’t bind if the posts are a little crooked to begin with or if any of the wood parts swell or move due to moisture and temperature changes throughout the seasons. The gap sizes will also have to match the tolerances of your latch and hinges, so it’s wise to purchase all your hardware before you build the gate and check to see how big of a gap the hardware will span.
Draw a Plan for Your Gate
It’s a good idea to sketch out a basic drawing to be sure that you’ve gotten all your dimensions correct and that you will cut the parts accurately.
考虑到您选择的门的侧面和底部的间隙尺寸,请使用现有甲板栏杆开口进行的测量值来制定一个简单的计划,以显示拟议的门以及它如何适合您的栏杆。
In our example, the railing is 36 inches high, and the opening is 42 inches wide, so our gate will be 34 inches tall by 41 inches wide, which will allow for 2 inches underneath when flush at the top of the adjacent railings, and a ½-inch gap on either side between the gate and the posts.
Assemble the Deck-gate Frame
The first step in building the gate is to cut the frame pieces. The two horizontal frame pieces will be the full width of the gate, which in our case, is 41 inches. The vertical pieces will be 33 inches, which is the height of the gate minus the 1-inch thickness of the cap board. Mark the lengths of your frame pieces and use the miter saw to cut opposing 45-degree miters on both ends. If you don’t have a miter saw, you can clamp the boards to a workbench and use a circular saw and a speed square to make the 45-degree cuts.
Lay the frame pieces down on a sturdy table or workbench so that all the mitered cuts meet in picture-frame fashion, and clamp them down to the bench. Because of the mitered joints, clamping the pieces to the bench is the easiest way to hold them steady while you fasten everything together. It’s a good idea to use a framing square and tape measure to confirm that your gate’s dimensions are correct and that the corners are all tight and square before driving in the screws
Connections made with wood screws are sturdiest when you drive the screws across the grain of the wood, so you will be installing your screws at a 45-degree angle to the edges of the gate frame-which is perpendicular to the miter joints. Use one 3-inch and one 5- or 6-inch deck screw at each corner, and drive each of these screws down through the edge of the top rail and up through the edge of the bottom rail until the frame is firmly fastened together. To prevent the wood from splitting, drill a hole at the correct angle using a countersink drill bit at each screw location before driving the screws.
添加盖板
The gate in the illustration has a 3¾-inch-wide cap board, which slightly overhangs the gate frame and balusters. To make the cap, cut a 1-inch-thick decking board to the same length as your gate-in our case, 41 inches. Then rip the board to 3¾ inches wide on the table saw.
You will want to round over the edges of the board, both for looks and to make it comfortable to grasp. This can simply be done with several passes of 100-grit sandpaper, or you can use a ¼ -inch roundover bit in a router for a more refined edge.
Clamp the cap board on top of the gate frame with the ends flush with the frame and one edge of the board hanging 1/4 inch over one side of the frame. Fasten the board to the top of the gate frame with several 2½-inch deck screws, making sure that there is one screw about an inch in from each end and that the rest of the screws are spaced about 12 to 16 inches apart.
Lay Out and Install the Balusters
大多数建筑物供应商店出售的1.5英寸方形栏杆由与木地板相同的木材制成,因此通常无需从头开始制作栏杆。出于儿童安全原因,甲板护栏要求栏杆相距不到4英寸,因此我们将遵循同样的指南,以便我们的登机口布局,并在每个方面留出3¾英寸的空间。为了使该间距在示例门上奏效,我们使用了八个栏杆,第一个栏杆距离门的侧面1 1/2英寸。如果您要构建另一个宽度门,则可以使用间距和栏杆数量,直到找到适合您的布局为止。
切割每个彩色比门框的高度短1/2英寸,在我们的情况下,每个彩色的高度使每个彩色32 1/2英寸长,一端切成一个正方形,另一端切成木梯。在大门的侧面,盖板的悬垂悬架足以覆盖阳台的末端(即,在您使其悬垂1/4英寸的侧面的侧面),使用胶带尺寸和铅笔在顶部和底部上都有痕迹框架导轨,用于每个彩色的一个边缘的位置。确保在每个标记的侧面制作一个小的“ X”,以提醒您Baluster继续前进。
To prevent the wood from splitting, use a countersink bit to drill holes on the outer face of each baluster about 1 inch in from the top and bottom where you plan to drive the screws. One at a time, lay the balusters down next to the marks, holding the top ends tight to the underside of the cap board, and use 2½-inch deck screws to fasten each of them to the gate. Check your measurements as you go to make sure the balusters are straight and evenly spaced.
应用程序ly an Exterior-grade Finish If You Like
Whether or not you add a decorative or protective finish to your gate is up to you. Many outdoor gates are left unfinished to eventually weather to a gray patina, but there are numerous options for oil finishes, exterior paints, and more that can make your gate last longer and look great. If you do decide to add a finish, you should follow the manufacturer’s preparation and application instructions for the paint or stain you choose. Also note that gates made using wet pressure-treated lumber may need several months of drying time before you can apply a finish.
Install the Deck Gate
To ensure that you get the right spacing on the sides and bottom of your gate, use scraps of wood ripped to the tolerances of your choice as temporary spacers. Remember that for our example gate we’re leaving ½-inch gaps at the posts and a 2-inch space underneath, so we will cut two spacers to those thicknesses.
一旦被切割,首先将几个2英寸的垫片放在栏杆开口的甲板上。将大门的底部设置在它们的顶部,确保您的阳台朝外远离甲板。然后,在您打算安装铰链的侧面,将其滑入½英寸的垫片,然后使用木夹临时将大门冲洗到柱子上。调整门,以使内部面部与柱子的内部齐平,并牢固拧紧夹具以保持稳定。
Hold each of the hinges up to the gate and post to get an idea of where they will fit and look best. Use a tape measure to make sure you have them square and level to the gate and make marks with a pencil where the hinge fasteners will go. It’s always a good idea to drill pilot holes for screws or bolts to prevent splitting, so find an appropriate size bit for your hinge fasteners and drill a hole at each mark you made. Then, holding each hinge against the post and gate, so it lines up with the holes you drilled, use the fasteners supplied with your gate hinges to attach each of them to the post and the gate.
铰链打开后,摇摆大门以确保它的移动平稳并且根本不会撞到栏杆。如果您选择在大门遇到柱子的地方较小的缝隙,那么您的帽板很可能会在外角摩擦栏杆。如果您需要更多的许可,则可能需要稍微切或打磨角。bob体育app苹果下载
The last step is to install the latch. For a basic gate latch, repeat the steps you used for the hinges above. For more complex latches, such as child-safety latches required for pool enclosures, you must follow the specific instructions supplied with the product carefully to get the job done. After that, all there is to do is check that the gate opens and closes well and make adjustments to the latch, if needed. Then relax and enjoy your deck.
该项目需要什么:
工具:
Materials:
- (2)您选择的木材中的8英尺2x4(例如,经过压力处理的松木或雪松)
- (8)您选择的木材中的1½x1½英寸栏杆(例如经过压力处理的松树或雪松)
- (1)5/4 x 5½-inch decking board to use as cap board (such as pressure-treated pine or cedar)
- (1)box 2½-inch exterior screws
- (4) 3-inch exterior screws
- (4) 5- or 6-inch exterior screws
- (2) heavy-duty 6-inch to 10-inch gate hinges
- (1)exterior gate latch
- 外部污渍或油漆和油漆用品(可选)
- 100-grit sandpaper
注意:如果你选择建立一个larger gate, you may need additional lumber, so check your dimensions before purchasing.